With a holarctic distribution, it is found throughout north-western and central Europe. The species is found on low vegetation and bushes, mostly in woodland, in shady places. It over-winters in dry litter, including accumulations in brushwood on the side of tree trunks, in leaf litter and under dead wood. Adults of both sexes are found in late spring and early summer with females occasionally persisting until late summer.
The body length 4‒7 mm in both sexes, males having a slimmer abdomen. The carapace is dark brown with a darker midline and margins. The abdomen is marked with a broad brown folium with pale speckles and small indentations, surrounded by a pale area. The legs are yellow-brown with many annulations which, along with its size, help to distinguish Neriene montana from similar species. It builds a hammock-shaped web among bushes or low vegetation, on tree trunks, or under logs, which it rests beneath.
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