It is found in old-growth boreal forests in North America, Europe and Asia, growing on the ground in moist, but not wet, base-rich or slightly acidic habitats in woodland and in turf. Forming low lawns, stems are usually some 2 cm long, with densely packed leaves, though 10 cm long trailing infertile stems have only sparse leaves, smaller than those on fertile stems. Leaves strongly curled when dry, spreading plane when moist, the basal leaves broadly elliptic to rounded, those at the apex mucronate (ending abruptly in a short sharp point or mucro). Leaf edges of bases decurrent on the stem, the upper leaves oblong to lingulate and constricted at the base, toothed. The leaf cells are arranged in diagonal rows and are easily discerned with a lens.
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