Cannabis sativa · sėjamoji kanapė «Cannabis sativa · sėjamoji kanapė^Thumbnails«Cannabis sativa · sėjamoji kanapė^Thumbnails«Cannabis sativa · sėjamoji kanapė^Thumbnails

Cannabis sativa · sėjamoji kanapė

Indigenous to Eastern Asia, the plant is now of cosmopolitan distribution due to widespread cultivation. Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a Cannabis sativa cultivars grown specifically for industrial and consumable use. Along with bamboo, hemp is among the fastest growing plants on Earth. It was also one of the first plants to be spun into usable fiber 50,000 years ago.

Hemp is used to make a variety of commercial and industrial products, including rope, textiles, clothing, shoes, food, paper, bioplastics, insulation, and biofuel. The bast fibers can be used to make textiles that are 100% hemp, but they are commonly blended with other fibers. The inner two fibers of the plant are woodier and typically have industrial applications, such as mulch, animal bedding, and litter. When oxidized (often erroneously referred to as "drying"), hemp oil from the seeds becomes solid and can be used in the manufacture of oil-based paints, in creams as a moisturizing agent, for cooking, and in plastics. Hemp seeds have been used in bird feed mix as well.

Hemp seeds can be eaten raw, ground into hemp meal, sprouted or made into dried sprout powder. Hemp seeds can also be made into a slurry used for baking or for beverages, such as hemp milk and tisanes. Hemp oil is cold-pressed from the seed and is high in unsaturated fatty acids.

Kilusi iš Centrinės Azijos, dabar auginama daugelyje pasaulio vietų. Lietuvoje sėjamoji kanapė vietomis auginama, pasitaiko sulaukėjusių. Sėjamoji kanapė yra svarbus pluoštinis, aliejinis augalas. Iš pleiskanių gaunama 20-25 % pluošto, iš grūdžių – 12-20 %. Sėklose gausu proteino, jos naudojamos maistui ir pašarams.

Vienmetis žolinis augalas, stiebas iki 180 cm (kartais iki 3-6 m), status, tiesus, plaukuotas. Lapai sudėtiniai, pirštuoti, lapeliai siauri. Vaisius – riešutėlis. Augalas dvinamis (moteriškieji augalai vadinami grūdėmis, vyriškieji pleiskanėmis). Sėklose yra 30-35 % aliejaus. Gerai auga drėgname, derlingame dirvožemyje.

‥

0 com​ments

Add a com​ment